Name: LORRAINE CHRISTINY COSTA SEPULCHRO MULHER
Publication date: 01/03/2023
Advisor:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| ALESSANDRA SIMAO PADILHA | Advisor * |
Examining board:
| Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| ALESSANDRA SIMAO PADILHA | Advisor * |
| CAMILA ALMENARA CRUZ PEREIRA | External Examiner * |
| NAZARE SOUZA BISSOLI | Internal Examiner * |
Summary: Cadmium exposure has been linked to several cardiovascular diseases.
Experimental studies, carried out in males, demonstrate that this metal induces
important vascular dysfunction. In females, a recent study found that subchronic
exposure to CdCl2 does not modify blood pressure and vascular reactivity to
phenylephrine in isolated aorta. However, effects induced by in vitro exposure to
Cd in females have not been described so far. Therefore, we aimed to investigate
the in vitro effects of cadmium chloride (ClCd2, 5 μM) on vascular reactivity in
isolated aorta of Wistar rats. The rats were anesthetized, euthanized and the
thoracic aorta was removed to assess vascular reactivity. Control rings and rings
previously incubated with 5μM of Cd were submitted to different experimental
protocols. Our results demonstrate that in vitro exposure to ClCd2 at low
concentrations was able to damage the vascular endothelium architecture and
reduce the anticontractile modulation of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) on
vascular reactivity to phenylephrine. In the absence of PVAT, although Cd did not
modify the reactivity to phenylephrine, an increase in the production and basal
release of O2
-
, a reduction in the participation of K+ channels, an increase in the
participation of the Ang II pathway and an increase in the release of PGI2 and/or
reduction of constricting prostanoids. Furthermore, it was possible to observe that
in the presence of Cd, ERα receptors negatively modulate vascular reactivity to
phenylephrine. Taken together, these results demonstrate that in vitro exposure
to Cd promotes important vascular dysfunction in isolated aorta associated with
changes in its architecture and endothelial vasoactive pathways, which could
contribute to vasculopathies associated with exposure to this metal.
